ehbets



. umana-sheet 1.

C, JL EHBETS. [MAGAZINE FIRBARM.

(NQ Model.)

Patentedr Nov.l 1,5, 18.8.'7..

(No Model.)

. 4 sneets-sheet 2. .0. J. EHBETS. MAGAZINE PIRE A RM.

Patented Nov. 15', 1887;

No. 373,277.l

(No Model.)

C. J. EHBETS; MAGAZINE FIR; ARM.

PaJ-tentedNov. l5., 1887.

4 Sheeps-Shet 3.

(No Model.)

C. J. EHBETS.

MAGAZINBFIRE ARM. No. 373.277.

Patented Now/215, 1887.

UNITED STATES PATENT CEEICE.

CARL J. EHBETS, OFHAR'IFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNCR TQ THE COLTS i PATENT FIRE ARMS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, CFfSAMl-E IPLACE.

MAGAZINE FIRE-ARM.v

,ii-ECIFICATION forming p'art of'Letters Patent No. 373,277, dated November 1.5', 1887.

Application filed July 1S, 1887. 'Serial No.244,597. (No model.)

Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in-Magazine Fire-Arms; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exactI description of the same,

to and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and-represent, in

Figure 1, a sectional side view of the arm with the parts in the normal position, or postion with the breech-piece closed; Fig. 2,the

x 5 same section, showing the parts as with the breechpieee in the extreme open position;

Fig. 3, a horizontal longitudinal 'section through the carrier, showing under side View of the magaznebloek and portion ofthe slide,

2o to illustrate the engagement of thc slide wit-h the rear end ot' the magazine, and in the extreme forward position ofthe slide; Fig. 4,the

same view as Fig. 3, but showing the position of the slide as having commenced its rear movement or abontto complete its forward movement, illustrating the transverse move- `ment ofthe rear end of the magazine; Fig. 5,

-i a horizontal longitudinal section through the magazine and carrier, the parts in the position 3c seen in Fig. 3; Fig. 6,'the saniescction asin Fig. 5, showing the parts in the position seen in Fig. 4-that is,with the magazine turned to one side to form the stop for the `column of cartridges; Fig. 7, a side view of the rear end portion of the magazine and of the slide, illus trating modification ot' engagement between the magazine and slide; Fig. S, an under side view ofthe magazinebloclt, showing the saine modification; Fig. 9, atop view of the slide,

4o showing the same modification; Fig. 10, a sectional side view of the breech-piece and the locking-brace, illustrating the operation ofthe extractor, enlarged; Fig. 11, a top plan view of the same,enlarged; Fig. 1L', a transverse sec` tion through the receiver, showing the rihs t,

against which the brace hears as it passes rearward in the opening movement ofthe breechpiece; Fig. 13, a horizontal' longitudinal section through the receiver, looking upward,

5c showing the same ribs land the brace as havf ing passed upward over therear ends of the ribs; Figs. 14 and 15, modifications in the operation of the magazine cut-oit'.

This invention relates to au improvement-in l that class of magazine fire-arms in which the breech-piece is arranged in rear of the barrel and in line therewith, to bc moved backward in opening and forward in closing the breech, and in which the magazine is arranged beneath the barrehwith a carrier-block arranged 6o in the receiver in rear of the barrel, and into. which a cartridgewill pass from the magazine when the carrier is in the 'down position, so that as the carrier is raised it will bring a cartridgeinto line with the barrehand from which o 5 the cartridge is transferred tothe barrel as the breeeh-piece moves forward through the carrier, and is an improvement upon the arm for which LettersPatent orf the United States, N o. 332, 203, were grantedto the assigneesin this 7o application,December 8,1885, as the invention ot' F. F. Knous. As in that patent, so in this,

`the movement. is imparted to the mcchanisnr of the arm by means of a handle beneath the barrel forward of the receiver, adapted to 7 5 ,slide longitudinally backward and forward.

A represents the receiver, to the forward end of which the barrel B is secured in the usual manner, and opens into the receiver at its rear end.

C is the handle beneath the barrel, arranged to slideparallel to the magazine D, which is 'arranged longitudinally beneath the barrel in the usual manner, and so as to open into the .receiver below the barrel at the rear; E, the 8 5'v longitudinally-moving breech-piece arranged in the receiver in linc with the barrel. Upon the under side ofthe breech-piece, near its forward end, the locking-brace F is hung upon a pivot, G, and from the brace an`arm, 1I, ex- 9o tends downward through an opening in theV longitudinal slide I. The said slide extends forward through the' receiver, and is secured to the liandleC, so as to move with it. In the receiver abntments .l are formed, against which the rbrace F may stand when the breech-piece is in the closed position, as seen in Fig. 1, and

as in the patent before referred to, and so that,

.standing in the closed position, if the handle be .noved rearward the first part of its rearroo ward movementwill Iturnthe brace F upward from the abutments J, and so as to lleave the breech-piece free to move rearward under vthe continued rear movement of the handle.

K represents the carrier, which is in the form of a block arranged to move vertically in the receiver, and is of a length for the longest cartridge required. The carrier is raised by means of a lever, L. hung upon a pivot,-

M, atthe rear, preferably below the rear end of the slide I, and so that as the slide moves rearward beneath the body of the lever it will strike the lever as the slide approaches its eX- treme rear position, and'after having opened the breech-piece, and so as to act as a cam upon the leverL and raise its forward end, as seen in Fig. 2. The forward end being connected with the carrier, imparts corresponding upward movement to the carrier, as from the postionseen in Fig. l to that vseen in Fig. 2. 'Ihe breech-piece is adapted to work through the carrier in its forward movement, while the carrier stands in the up position, in the usual manner for this class of arms, uot'necessary to be particularly described.

lhe brace F works above the lever L, and so that as the breech-piece moves forward and comes to the closed position, the brace being above the lever L, will strike upon the top ot' the lever and force it to its down position, as seen in Fig. l, returning the carrier to the down position. The carrier`-l\ever may, however, be operatedas in the patent before referred to, the method of operating the lever to raise and lower the carrier constituting no part of the present invention. `When the carrier is in the down position, as seen in Fig. 1, the cartridgechamberin the carrier is brough t` i into line with the magazine, and ,so that the rear cartridge in the magazine may be forced into the cartridgechamber in the carrier, and then as the carrier rises it bringsjthe cartridge so introduced into the carrier in lilewlth'the barrel, as seen in Fig. 2, and so that when the breech-piecc is advanced with the carrier and the cartridge in this posi/tion the breech-piece will force the cartridge from -the cartridge chamber in the carrier into the barrel in the usual manner for this class of arms.

The hammer N is hung upon a pivot, O, andV so as to be thrown to full-cock under the rearA movement of the breech-piece, as usual in this class ot' arms.

This arm .is'designed with special reference to the smaller size cartridges-say No. .Z2-

and whichare made of various lengths. .It is desirable that an arm adapted for this smaller size of cartridge should alsobe adapted to use the slide' moves backward'and for-ward.

fer the first cartridge/"lt is therefore necessary to provide some means to prevent the second cartridge from following the first or errtending into the carrier. v

In the patent to which I have referred the magazine is formed in two parts, D representing the principal part of the magazine,which extends to a/point near the rear end of the barrel, and to the rear end of the part D the rear portion, P, of the magazine is hinged, as at Q, and so'as .toswing beneath the barrel in a horizontal plane, the vpart P extending to the carrier, so as to` form practically a continuation of the principal part of the magazine directly into the carrier in thereceiver, and as seen in Fig; 5, and so that when in line with the cartridgechamber in the magazine, as seen `in Fig. 5, the cartridges in the magazine are free to pass into the cartridge-chamber in the carrier; but to prevent theinstantaneons move ment of the rear cartridge into the carrier when thel cartridgechamber in the carrier comes into line therewith the breechpiece E is construdted with/a downward projection, It, which extends down into the 'cartridge-cham ber S in the magazine, (see Figs. ,1` and 5,) and soas to abut against the rearmostcartridge i'n the magazine when the breechpiece is in the closed position, as seen in Fig. 1, and asin the patent before referred to, and so that as the breech-piece moves rearward the rearmost cartridge will simply follow the'breech-piecc and the magazine terminates 'in a block, T, which works transverselythrough the forward end 11o of the receiver.' This block stands above, the

slide I, and in the under side of the block T is a cam-shaped groove, U.- (See Figs. 3 and 4.) From the slide I is an upwardly-projecting stud, .'V, which works through the groove U as The stud-V is represented as part of. an arm ,extending from the slide." I

-Wheu in the extreme forward or closed position, as seen in Fig. 3, the stud V, standing in the groove U, holds the block fl, or rear endlof the magazine, directly inline with the cartridge-chamberS of the carrier K, asseen in Figs. 3 and 5. The. groove U turns out of the direct longitudinalline near its forward end, and so that as the slide I commences its rear movement the stud V acts upon the came shaped groove U andforccs the block 'l slightly Stud V -the slide in closing ,the rear end ofthe magazine, thebiock T is constructed withga recess,

' movement ot' the slide.

passed from the magazineinto thc carrier, and it takes the column of cartridges so far out of line with the cartridge-chamber in the maga zine that the head of the next or second car l tridge will strike the forward end 'of thc carrier, as secu in Fig. t5, and be prevented from passing into the carrier, so that whether the cartridge already in the carrier be the full 1 length of the carrier, as seen in Fig. G, or shorter, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 6, i it will be forced into the carrier by the maga zine-spring acting through the column of cartridges, but will then be left free, and the next i cartridge will be prevented from passing into thecarrier to interfere with the movement of the carrier. i V v After the rear end of the magazine has beenl turned out of line with the carrier, as described, the groove continues ina straight line parallel with the path of the stud V, as seen in Fig. 4, and so that the slide carrying the will continue its movement, the stud V continuing inthe straightline groove in its entire rear movement. Then, on the return of the breech-piece, the stud V will move forward in the groove U, and, conti'nuingits movement through that groove, will, as it passes the bend in the groove, re-

-turn the rear end of the magazine into line with the cartridge-chamber, as indicated in Fig. 4. To limit the extreme opening movement. of

YV, onV one side of the end, as seen in Figs. 3 hich recess, when the slide is in its extreme forward position,is in line with the stud V, as indicated in Fig. 3, and so that when in that position the block. may be turned to the charging position, as indicatedinbroken lines, Figs. 8 and 6, the recess W permitting it to` move over the stud; but the end of the recess serves as 'stop to arrest the block when it is moved sufficiently far for charging purposes. he recess W also performs another important purpose, and that is `to prevent the rear movement ot' the' slide to actuate the mechanism of the arm, .unless the rear part o f the magazine be in its proper position, for if i the block be not returned to its home position i before the slide commences itsrear movement, then the rear side of the recess \V will stand in the path of the stud and prevent the rear Y Consequently the-arm cannot beoperated unless the magazine be in Vproper position to deliver the cartridges to the carrier.

The transverse movement of therear endof t the magazine, to serve asa stop for the column of cartridges after one cartridge shall have entered the carrier, may be produced by forming the cam-groove in the -slide and the stud on the `magazine,:instead of vice versa, as I have described. This modification i illustrate in Figs. 7, 8, and 9.-

On the forward end of the block T, I hinge a stud, ce, upon a transverse pivot, '1), the said v,stud a 'extending down into a groove, d, in the groove, at its forward and 4, and w slide I. This groove is of cani shape, corresponding to the cam-shaped groove U of the block T, before described, and as seen in Fig. 9, and so that as the slide is moved backward for the operation of the mechanism of the arm the first part of the movement will, through the stud a., impart the required transverse movement to the block, sition indicated in Fig. 6, ofthe second cartridge into the magazine. The stud c is necessarily hinged tothe block, bccause otherwiseit would prevent the movement ofthe block to the position for opening the magazine for the insertion of cartridges.' On the yhuh of the stud a handle, c, projects, by means of which the stud may be turned upward out of the groove in the slide I, Aas indicated in broken lines, Fig. 7 and when so turned upward it is free from the groove in the slide I, and consequently may be turned to bring it to the poJ` to prevent the escape to the extreme outward position for charging,=

and when returned to its closed position the stud a will then be returned downward into the groove in the slide. Under this arrange ment the magazine is always in position when v the stud is in the groove, from that position; y

The smaller class of cartridges are usually lmade riurtire. Under the rapid manipulation of the arm there is danger of premature explosion from the extractor striking the head of the cartridge as the breech-piece approaches the closed position. 1n the usual construction t-he extractor is of a spring character, so as to ride over the head of the cartridge under the pressure of its spring, so that the blow of the extractor upon the head of the cartridge is one of considerable power, and so that under rapid manipulation of the arm prcmatur-e explosion from this cause may occur.A To avoid this difficulty Iliang the cxtructorf upon a pivot, g, in the breech-piece in the usual position. 1n thc breech-piece, on a the pivot of the extractor, 1 hang a two-armed lever, ik. (See Fig. l; also seen in Figs. 10 and 11, enlarged.) The arm t' is provided with a stud, I, which extends jection from the extractor in rear of its pivot. The arm k extends longitudinally rearward over the' locking-brace F. The lever 'L' k is adapted to swing vertically, as indicated.by broken lines, Fig. 1l), and so that as the rear arm, 7i', is raised it will depress the rear end rof the extractor end, as indicatedin broken lines, when left free,

and cannot escape pivot, 7L, in rear of' inward over a pro-- and raise the forward or hooked as seen in Fig. 11.

' preaches its extreme open position s of the arm k and Toactuate the lever z' k to operate the extractor, the hub of the locking-brace is constructed with a cam, n, on the periphery,there being a recess, o, on the rear side ofthe cam and a recess, r, on the forward side of the cam, The front face of the cam a is inclined from the outside forward, asseeh in Fig. 11, and on its rear face is inclined downward'and backward, as seen in Fig. l0. The arm k is constructed with a downward projection, s, which is adapted to enter either of the recesses o r on the hub ofthe brace. This arm is also thin and of elastic metal, as steel, so that it may spring "outward, as indicated d in broken lines, Fig. ll, and return under its own elasticity. 4Vir heu the breech-piece is in the fully-closed position and the brace in the locking position, (seen in Fig. 1,)the projection s of the arm k stands in 2o the' recess r forward of the cam a on the brace, and the extractor Stands in its normal position as engaging the head iof thecart1-idge',and is there held by its- Aown spring. As the brace is turned from the locking position, asindicated in broken lines, Fig. l0, the cam a turns forward and by its ipcgline passes inside the projection s ofthe arm 7c and forces that arrn k outward, as indicated inFig. l1, without effect upon the extractor. The brace T thus turned to the unlocking position (indicated in Fig. 10,) strikes longitudinal ribs t (see Figs. 12 and 13) on the sides of the receiver and rides thereon,so t'hat it is prevented from turning to its extreme up position; but as the breech-piece ap-v the ribs t terminate, as seen in Fig. 13, and thc brace is free to rise to the position indicated in Fig. 10 and stand in rear ofthe rear ends ot' the ribs t, as indicated in Fig. 10. In so doing the crm a passes beyond the projection s of of the shoulder,and so that the projection will spring into the recess o in rear ofthe can] a. Then when the closing movement commences the'tirst part of the closing movement is to draw the brace downward, so that it mayescape from the rear ends of the ribs as iodicated iu broken lines, Fig. 10, and then be free to pass forward with the breech-piece. In this first downward movement of the brace the back or rear side of the cam a acts upon the projection s of the arm lc and causes thatarm to risc, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 10, and correspondingly raise the nose of the extractor. After the brace has been thus turned to raise thc arm k it holds the arm It' in that position until the brace shall have passedr so far forward that it may drop againstits abutments, as seen in Fig. l, and this is when the breech-piece has reachedlits extreme closed position. .As-the brace'drops into its locked position, thecama escapes from the projection permits that' arm to drop into the recess 1-,'it being forced so to do by the'cxtractorspring,which tends to raise the forward end or arm,f,ofthe lever. By this arrangement thcextractor is mechanically raised ward.

above the head of the cartridge and is heldin that position until' the breech-piece is closed cartridge will be sure to follow,as with com nion extt'actors; hence there is no liability of the extractor coming in contact with the head of the cartridge, so as to produce explosion. The aum It of the lever z k is also utilized as a retractor for the tiring-pin u. Fig.' 10 represects the ringpin, forward part of the breech-piece and in a tion to strike the tiange of the cartridge.

The firing-'pin extends through the breechpiece in the usual side of its rear portiom w, is a notch,2, the rear sident' which is inclined `upward and for- Into this notch a finger, 3, on the arm k, extends, and-so that when the arm k is in'- 'its down position the ringpin is free to bc forcedV to its extreme forward position, as indicated in Fig. 10; but as the arm k rises the finger 3 operates against the inclined surface of the notch 2 as a cam, and causes the tiringpin to retreat, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 10; hence, because the arm k' is held in the up position during the forward movenzient of the breechpiece, and until the extreme closed position is reached,v it follows that the tiring-pin is held out of possible contact with the cartridge until after the breech-piece shall have reached itscxtr'eme forward and locked position.

The lever for operating the extractor may be omitted andthe common extractor employed. In such'casc, to provide for the retraction of the tiring-pin, the retracting-tinger may be made as a part of the brace, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 10, so that as the brace rises it will force the tiring-piny rearward.

I have stated that the carrierlever may be operated as I haveillustrated, or as iu the patent before referred to. It may, however, be raised directly by the arm II ofthe lockingdog by making the rear end of the recess in 'the lever through which the arm H works of a shape indicated at t in broken lines, Fig. 1, and so that as the arm approaches its rear position it will act as a cam upon the lever to raise it and the carrier.

The method which I have described to form a stop for the column of cartridges to prevent the second cartridge from following the rst onto the 'carrier may be utilized in many arms of this class, in which the mechanism differs, essentially, from that illustrated and de'- scribcd-as, for illustration, in Fig. 14 I rep resent an arm the mechanism of which is that commonly known as the \Viuchester arm, and in which the breech-piece and carrier are operated by a lever hung in the receiver below the breech-piece,. and so that the lever swings downward and forward in the opening pesi is permitted to drop of the cartridge, so that which is arranged inthe*` manner, and on the under' iting this part of my invention to the particubarrel, and in which the mechanism ofthe arm ic'5 lar mechanism of the arm described; nor do I is operated by a slide extending through the wish to be understood as limiting it to a magafrontend of the receiver, and rovided with a zine made in two parts, the forward part behandle, and in which 'the rear end of the maga- -ing rigidly fixed, while the rear part swings, zine is adapted to be turned out of line with as it may be applied to a magazine made .in a the opening into the receiver, the magazine i ro Y continuous tube and adapted to swing bodily, provided atits rear cndwithatransverselyslida modification which it is unnecessary to illusing block, the said block constructed with a trate. Y f groove u ,on itsundc surface, said groove ter- The mechanism which I have described for ininati g in a transverse recess, W, at its foroperating the extractor to prevent its possible ward nd, the said slide provided with a stud 1 15 contact with the cartridge may also be emadapted to work through said groove and ployed with other reciprocating breech-pieces come into aline with said recess when said having a locking-brace'ot' similar character to slide is yin its extreme forward position, suhthe one described, but in which the breechstantially as and for the purpose described. piece and other parts are moved by mechan- 5. In a fire-arm having alongitudinully-rei z( ism of other character, and may be used in ciprocating breech-piece arranged in ,the resingle breech-loaders. I therefore do not wish ceiver in rear of the barrel, the combination to be understood as limiting this part of my therewith of alockingbraeehungupon the uninvention. to the particular construction of arm der side of the breech-piece, and so as to swing 'which Ihave described. up and down for locking and unlocking the 12 I claimbreech-piece, an extractor, f, hung upon a Y (See Fig. 15.)

movement. The magazine and its block T are in the same arrangement as I have before described.

To impart to the rear end ofthe magazine a transverse movement to produce the check or. cut-off between the magazine and carrier, a lever may be introduced between the operative lever 7 and the head T.' This lever is represented as hung upon a pivot, 8, upon the under side of the receiver, and between the pivot of the lever 7 and the magazine-block T, one arm, 9, extending rearward, stands in a camshaped groove, 10, in the hub ot' the lever 7. The otherarm, 1I, extends for-l ward and is hung to the lower side of the block T. The cam in the operative lever 7 imparts a transverse vibratory movement to the lever 9 11,which is communicated tothe magazine, and this transverse movement is the samel as that which I have heretofore described as imparted by means of the handle forward of the receiver. Under this modification, in case it is desirable to load the magazine, as I have heretofore described, by throwing the magazine out at one side of the receiver, the forward arm, 11, of the lever should be hinged to the rear portionsay as at 12, Fig. 1li-which will permit the forward arm, 11, of the lever to be turned downward and out of engagement with the magazine, so as to leave the magazine free to he thrown outward`sutticiently far to expose the rear end of the magazine.A In case, however, the magazine is to be charged through the side Vof the receiver, as common in this class of arms, then there will he no occasion i for disengaging the magazine from its lever. I therefore do not wish to be understood as limed, whereby during the rst part of the rear vmovement vof the breech-piece said rear endo`f` the magazine is automatically line with the cartridge-chamber in the carrier. 2. In a magazine fire-armin which the maga- .zine is arranged longitudinally beneath the barrel and adapted to swing at its rear end out of the combination therewith oi a. longitudinal slide moving parallel with4 the axisy of said magazine, the said magazine and slide, the one provided with a 'stud and the other with a camlshaped groove through stud y may work, substantially as' described, and whereby under the movement of said slide in one direction the' rear end of the magazine will be turned to one'side of its normal position and on zine will be returedto its normal position.'

3. In a magazine fire-arm in which the .magazine is arranged longitudinally beneath the barrel, and in which the mechanism of the the front end of the receiver, and provided with a handle, and in which the rear end of the magazine is adapted to be turned out of line'with the opening into the receiver, the

`versely-guided sliding block, the said block constructed upon its under side with a longitudinal groove, the saidv groove of cam or bent shape, the said slide provided with a stud adapted to work through said groove in the said block of the magazine, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In amagazine {ire-arm in which the magazine is arranged longitudinally beneath the pivot in the bre ech`piece,the levert' Ir,hung in tile breech-piece upon a pivot in `rear ofthe pivot of the extractor, the forward arm ofsaid l 1 In a magazine tire-arm in which the magazineis arranged longitudinally beneath the barrel and opening into the receiver at the rear,

and which is adapted to swing at its rear end lever having an extension therefrom into ent,

the cartridge-chamber in the gagemcnt with the extractor in rear of its pivot, the other arm of said lever extending rearward over the said locking-brace, the hub out of line with carrier, the combination therewith ot' a cam between the operative mechanism of the arni and said magazine, and substantially as specithrownout of 7o line with the cartridge-chamber in the carrier, 7 5

which the said 8o the return of the slide themagamagazine provided at its rear end with a transof the brace constructed with a twofaced cam,

, arm is operated by a slide extending through 9o i under side of the breech-piece,

pivot, the other arm of said lever extending rearward over said lockingbrace, anda tiringpin longitudinally through the breech-piece, constructed with an upward and forwardly inclined bearing, 2, the rear arm of said lever having a ngerextcnding from it, and adapted to bear upon said inclined surface'of the firingpin, the hub of the brace constructed with a and 'so as to two-faced cam, n, and the said rear arm ofthe 25 swing up and down for locking' and unlocking l lever with a corresponding projection upon the breechpiece, an extractor, f, hung upon which the said cam is adaptedv to Work, suba'pivot inthe breech-piece, the lever z la, hung stantially as described. in the breech -piece upon a pivot in rear of CARL '.T. -EHBETS. the pivot of the extractor, the forward arm of said lever having an extension therefrom into engagement with the extractor in rear of its n, and the said rear arm ofthe lever, with a corresponding projection upon which said cam is adapted to Work, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6; In a fire-arm having a longiludinally-re ciprocating breech-piece arranged in the reeeiver in rear of the barrel, the combination therewith of a locking-brace hung'upon the Witnesses:

YJOHN E. EARLE. FRED C. EARLE. 

